263 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
263 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
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Basic Installation
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==================
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These are generic installation instructions.
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The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for
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various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses
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those values to create a `Makefile' in each directory of the package.
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It may also create one or more `.h' files containing system-dependent
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definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script `config.status' that
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you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, a file
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`config.cache' that saves the results of its tests to speed up
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reconfiguring, and a file `config.log' containing compiler output
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(useful mainly for debugging `configure').
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If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try
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to figure out how `configure' could check whether to do them, and mail
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diffs or instructions to the address given in the `README' so they can
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be considered for the next release. If at some point `config.cache'
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contains results you don't want to keep, you may remove or edit it.
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The file `configure.ac' is used to create `configure' by a program
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called `autoconf'. You only need `configure.ac' if you want to change
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it or regenerate `configure' using a newer version of `autoconf'.
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The simplest way to compile this package is:
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1. `cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type
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`./configure' to configure the package for your system. If you're
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using `csh' on an old version of System V, you might need to type
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`sh ./configure' instead to prevent `csh' from trying to execute
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`configure' itself.
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Running `configure' takes awhile. While running, it prints some
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messages telling which features it is checking for.
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2. Type `make' to compile the package.
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3. Optionally, type `make check' to run any self-tests that come with
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the package.
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4. Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and
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documentation.
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5. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the
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source code directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the
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files that `configure' created (so you can compile the package for
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a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'. There is
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also a `make maintainer-clean' target, but that is intended mainly
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for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get
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all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came
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with the distribution.
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Compilers and Options
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=====================
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Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
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the `configure' script does not know about. You can give `configure'
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initial values for variables by setting them in the environment. Using
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a Bourne-compatible shell, you can do that on the command line like
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this:
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CC=c89 CFLAGS=-O2 LIBS=-lposix ./configure
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Or on systems that have the `env' program, you can do it like this:
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env CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include LDFLAGS=-s ./configure
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Compiling For Multiple Architectures
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====================================
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You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
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same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
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own directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that
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supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the
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directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run
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the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the
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source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'.
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If you have to use a `make' that does not supports the `VPATH'
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variable, you have to compile the package for one architecture at a time
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in the source code directory. After you have installed the package for
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one architecture, use `make distclean' before reconfiguring for another
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architecture.
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On MacOS X 10.5 and later systems, you can create libraries and
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executables that work on multiple system types--known as "fat" or
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"universal" binaries--by specifying multiple '-arch' options to the
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compiler but only a single '-arch' option to the preprocessor. Like
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this:
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./configure CC="gcc -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
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CXX="g++ -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
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CPP="gcc -E" CXXCPP="g++ -E"
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This is not guaranteed to produce working output in all cases. You
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may have to build one architecture at a time and combine the results
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using the 'lipo' tool if you have problems.
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Installation Names
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==================
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By default, `make install' will install the package's files in
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`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/man', etc. You can specify an
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installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving `configure' the
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option `--prefix=PATH'.
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You can specify separate installation prefixes for
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architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you
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give `configure' the option `--exec-prefix=PATH', the package will use
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PATH as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
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Documentation and other data files will still use the regular prefix.
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In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give
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options like `--bindir=PATH' to specify different values for particular
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kinds of files. Run `configure --help' for a list of the directories
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you can set and what kinds of files go in them.
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If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed
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with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure' the
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option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'.
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Relocatable Installation
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========================
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By default, `make install' will install a package with hardwired
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file names, and the package will not work correctly when copied or
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moved to a different location in the filesystem.
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Some packages pay attention to the `--enable-relocatable' option to
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`configure'. This option makes the entire installed package
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relocatable. This means, it can be moved or copied to a different
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location on the filesystem. It is possible to make symlinks to the
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installed and moved programs, and invoke them through the symlink. It
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is possible to do the same thing with a hard link _only_ if the hard
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linked file is in the same directory as the real program.
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For reliability it is best to give together with --enable-relocatable
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a `--prefix' option pointing to an otherwise unused (and never used
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again) directory, for example, `--prefix=/tmp/inst$$'. This is
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recommended because on some OSes the executables remember the location
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of shared libraries (and prefer them over LD_LIBRARY_PATH !), therefore
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such an executable will look for its shared libraries first in the
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original installation directory and only then in the current
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installation directory.
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Installation with `--enable-relocatable' will not work for setuid /
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setgid executables. (This is because such an executable kills its
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LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable when it is launched.)
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The runtime penalty and size penalty are nearly zero on Linux 2.2 or
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newer (just one system call more when an executable is launched), and
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small on other systems (the wrapper program just sets an environment
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variable and execs the real program).
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Optional Features
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=================
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Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to
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`configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package.
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They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE
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is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The
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`README' should mention any `--enable-' and `--with-' options that the
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package recognizes.
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For packages that use the X Window System, `configure' can usually
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find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't,
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you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and
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`--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations.
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For packages that use the GNU libiconv library, you can use the
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`configure' option `--with-libiconv-prefix' to specify the prefix you
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used while installing GNU libiconv. This option is not necessary if
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that other prefix is the same as the one now specified through --prefix.
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For packages that use the GNU libintl library, you can use the
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`configure' option `--with-libintl-prefix' to specify the prefix you
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used while installing GNU gettext-runtime. This option is not necessary if
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that other prefix is the same as the one now specified through --prefix.
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Particular Systems
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==================
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On HP-UX, the default C compiler is not ANSI C compatible. If GNU CC
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is not installed, it is recommended to use the following options in order
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to use an ANSI C compiler:
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./configure CC="cc -Ae -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500"
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and if that doesn't work, install pre-built binaries of GCC for HP-UX.
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On AIX 3, the C include files by default don't define some necessary
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prototype declarations. If GNU CC is not installed, it is recommended to
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use the following options:
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./configure CC="xlc -D_ALL_SOURCE"
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On BeOS, user installed software goes in /boot/home/config, not
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/usr/local. It is recommended to use the following options:
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./configure --prefix=/boot/home/config
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Specifying the System Type
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==========================
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There may be some features `configure' can not figure out
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automatically, but needs to determine by the type of host the package
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will run on. Usually `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints
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a message saying it can not guess the host type, give it the
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`--host=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system
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type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name with three fields:
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CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM
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See the file `config.sub' for the possible values of each field. If
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`config.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't
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need to know the host type.
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If you are building compiler tools for cross-compiling, you can also
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use the `--target=TYPE' option to select the type of system they will
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produce code for and the `--build=TYPE' option to select the type of
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system on which you are compiling the package.
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Sharing Defaults
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================
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If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share,
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you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives
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default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'.
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`configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
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`PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the
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`CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script.
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A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script.
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Operation Controls
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==================
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`configure' recognizes the following options to control how it
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operates.
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`--cache-file=FILE'
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Use and save the results of the tests in FILE instead of
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`./config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to disable caching, for
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debugging `configure'.
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`--help'
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Print a summary of the options to `configure', and exit.
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`--quiet'
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`--silent'
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`-q'
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Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To
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suppress all normal output, redirect it to `/dev/null' (any error
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messages will still be shown).
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`--srcdir=DIR'
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Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually
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`configure' can determine that directory automatically.
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`--version'
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Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure'
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script, and exit.
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`configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options.
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