93 lines
4.1 KiB
Groff
93 lines
4.1 KiB
Groff
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.\" Copyright (c) Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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.\"
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.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
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.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
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.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of
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.\" the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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.\"
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.\" References consulted:
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.\" GNU glibc-2 source code and manual
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.\" OpenGroup's Single Unix specification http://www.UNIX-systems.org/online.html
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.\"
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.TH ICONV 3 "September 7, 2008" "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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iconv \- perform character set conversion
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.nf
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.B #include <iconv.h>
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.sp
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.BI "size_t iconv (iconv_t " cd ,
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.BI " const char* * " inbuf ", size_t * "inbytesleft ,
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.BI " char* * " outbuf ", size_t * "outbytesleft );
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.fi
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The argument \fIcd\fP must be a conversion descriptor created using the
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function \fBiconv_open\fP.
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.PP
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The main case is when \fIinbuf\fP is not NULL and \fI*inbuf\fP is not NULL.
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In this case, the \fBiconv\fP function converts the multibyte sequence
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starting at \fI*inbuf\fP to a multibyte sequence starting at \fI*outbuf\fP.
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At most \fI*inbytesleft\fP bytes, starting at \fI*inbuf\fP, will be read.
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At most \fI*outbytesleft\fP bytes, starting at \fI*outbuf\fP, will be written.
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.PP
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The \fBiconv\fP function converts one multibyte character at a time, and for
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each character conversion it increments \fI*inbuf\fP and decrements
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\fI*inbytesleft\fP by the number of converted input bytes, it increments
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\fI*outbuf\fP and decrements \fI*outbytesleft\fP by the number of converted
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output bytes, and it updates the conversion state contained in \fIcd\fP.
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If the character encoding of the input is stateful, the \fBiconv\fP function
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can also convert a sequence of input bytes to an update of the conversion state
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without producing any output bytes; such input is called a \fIshift sequence\fP.
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The conversion can stop for four reasons:
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.PP
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1. An invalid multibyte sequence is encountered in the input. In this case
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it sets \fBerrno\fP to \fBEILSEQ\fP and returns (size_t)(\-1). \fI*inbuf\fP
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is left pointing to the beginning of the invalid multibyte sequence.
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.PP
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2. The input byte sequence has been entirely converted, i.e. \fI*inbytesleft\fP
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has gone down to 0. In this case \fBiconv\fP returns the number of
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non-reversible conversions performed during this call.
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.PP
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3. An incomplete multibyte sequence is encountered in the input, and the
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input byte sequence terminates after it. In this case it sets \fBerrno\fP to
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\fBEINVAL\fP and returns (size_t)(\-1). \fI*inbuf\fP is left pointing to the
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beginning of the incomplete multibyte sequence.
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.PP
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4. The output buffer has no more room for the next converted character. In
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this case it sets \fBerrno\fP to \fBE2BIG\fP and returns (size_t)(\-1).
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.PP
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A different case is when \fIinbuf\fP is NULL or \fI*inbuf\fP is NULL, but
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\fIoutbuf\fP is not NULL and \fI*outbuf\fP is not NULL. In this case, the
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\fBiconv\fP function attempts to set \fIcd\fP's conversion state to the
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initial state and store a corresponding shift sequence at \fI*outbuf\fP.
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At most \fI*outbytesleft\fP bytes, starting at \fI*outbuf\fP, will be written.
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If the output buffer has no more room for this reset sequence, it sets
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\fBerrno\fP to \fBE2BIG\fP and returns (size_t)(\-1). Otherwise it increments
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\fI*outbuf\fP and decrements \fI*outbytesleft\fP by the number of bytes
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written.
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.PP
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A third case is when \fIinbuf\fP is NULL or \fI*inbuf\fP is NULL, and
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\fIoutbuf\fP is NULL or \fI*outbuf\fP is NULL. In this case, the \fBiconv\fP
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function sets \fIcd\fP's conversion state to the initial state.
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.SH "RETURN VALUE"
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The \fBiconv\fP function returns the number of characters converted in a
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non-reversible way during this call; reversible conversions are not counted.
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In case of error, it sets \fBerrno\fP and returns (size_t)(\-1).
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.SH ERRORS
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The following errors can occur, among others:
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.TP
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.B E2BIG
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There is not sufficient room at \fI*outbuf\fP.
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.TP
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.B EILSEQ
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An invalid multibyte sequence has been encountered in the input.
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.TP
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.B EINVAL
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An incomplete multibyte sequence has been encountered in the input.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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POSIX:2001
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR iconv_open (3),
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.BR iconvctl (3)
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.BR iconv_close (3)
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